Therapeutic targeting of PGBD5-induced DNA repair dependency in pediatric solid tumors

Tools

Item Type:	Article
Title:	Therapeutic targeting of PGBD5-induced DNA repair dependency in pediatric solid tumors
Creators Name:	Henssen, A.G., Reed, C., Jiang, E., Garcia, H.D., von Stebut, J., MacArthur, I.C., Hundsdoerfer, P., Kim, J.H., de Stanchina, E., Kuwahara, Y., Hosoi, H., Ganem, N.J., Dela Cruz, F., Kung, A.L., Schulte, J.H., Petrini, J.H. and Kentsis, A.
Abstract:	Despite intense efforts, the cure rates of childhood and adult solid tumors are not satisfactory. Resistance to intensive chemotherapy is common, and targets for molecular therapies are largely undefined. We have found that the majority of childhood solid tumors, including rhabdoid tumors, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, and Ewing sarcoma, express an active DNA transposase, PGBD5, that can promote site-specific genomic rearrangements in human cells. Using functional genetic approaches, we discovered that mouse and human cells deficient in nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair cannot tolerate the expression of PGBD5. In a chemical screen of DNA damage signaling inhibitors, we identified AZD6738 as a specific sensitizer of PGBD5-dependent DNA damage and apoptosis. We found that expression of PGBD5, but not its nuclease activity-deficient mutant, was sufficient to induce sensitivity to AZD6738. Depletion of endogenous PGBD5 conferred resistance to AZD6738 in human tumor cells. PGBD5-expressing tumor cells accumulated unrepaired DNA damage in response to AZD6738 treatment and underwent apoptosis in both dividing and G(1)-phase cells in the absence of immediate DNA replication stress. Accordingly, AZD6738 exhibited nanomolar potency against most neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, and rhabdoid tumor cells tested while sparing nontransformed human and mouse embryonic fibroblasts in vitro. Finally, treatment with AZD6738 induced apoptosis and regression of human neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma tumors engrafted in immunodeficient mice in vivo. This effect was potentiated by combined treatment with cisplatin, including substantial antitumor activity against patient-derived primary neuroblastoma xenografts. These findings delineate a therapeutically actionable synthetic dependency induced in PGBD5-expressing solid tumors.
Keywords:	Apoptosis, DNA Damage, DNA End-Joining Repair, Biological Models, DNA Repair, Drug Synergism, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Neoplasms, Pyrimidines, Signal Transduction, Sulfoxides, Transposases, Tumor Cell Line, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Animals, Mice
Source:	Science Translational Medicine
ISSN:	1946-6234
Publisher:	American Association for the Advancement of Science
Volume:	9
Number:	414
Page Range:	eaam9078
Date:	1 November 2017
Official Publication:	https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aam9078
PubMed:	View item in PubMed

Repository Staff Only: item control page